Donald Davidson Essays - Fiction, Characters In Hamlet, Literature

Donald Davidson Essays - Fiction, Characters In Hamlet, Literature Donald Davidson In Shakespeares Hamlet, there is a homicide, and it doesnt state straight out who the homicide is. There are no criminologists looking into it. Nobody inside in the state is truly scrutinizing the homicide of the King aside from his child. It might not have all the standard characteristics of analyst story, however it appears to be a criminologist story wherein Hamlet tries to fathom the baffling passing and to vindicate for his dad. In a normal, commonplace, normal wrongdoing the analysts attempt to make sense of who the culprit or culprits are. This isn't the situation in Hamlet, the main proof that goes over that the King was killed was the spooky figure who just seemed, by all accounts, to be Hamlets father. In scene five of act one, Horatio says to Hamlet after Hamlet conversed with the phantom that These are nevertheless wild and spinning winds. This inquiries the expression of Hamlet by demonstrating the he may be envisioning things. Likewise, the new King and Hamlets mother think he is frantic. There may have even been an inquiry in Hamlets mind and that perhaps why he postponed his vengeance. This is the place it seems to turn into an investigator story. Hamlet suspects that his uncle, the new lord, murdered his dad. Hamlet sets up a snare for the new lord by watching his response to the play, which depended in transit the phantom disclosed to Hamlet he passed on. After that Hamlet may have had the last help to retaliate for his dads passing. The rationale in the new lord to execute Hamlets father was completely clear. He wedded Hamlets mother after just two months. He clearly turned into the new ruler also. Hamlet had that help early and he appeared the just one to being a criminologist. What caused it to appear to be progressively similar to a wrongdoing and a criminologist story was the manner in which Claudius made his moves. He attempted to conceal his activity carefully. The lord had Rosencrantz and Guildenstern over look Hamlets change. The ruler says in scene two of act two, so by your organizations to attract him on to joys, and to assemble to such an extent as from event you may gather, regardless of whether nothing to us obscure besets him in this way that, opend, exists in our cure. Hamlet doesn't make this simple for the ruler to get any data since he was either distraught or acting frantic, that is a choice that is up to the peruser. There appeared to be two intentions behind Hamlets play also. The primary explanation was to see the response of the ruler. The second was possibly to place question in others in the state or raise the inquiry that his dad may have been killed. Hamlet is exceptionally subtle and keen like an analyst. Shakespeares Hamlet may have not intended to be a criminologist story and absolutely was unique in relation to the normal one. Shakespeare places a ton of addressing in this story. This is by all accounts an analyst story, it tends to be addressed, however it has the essential piece of one. Hamlet fills the role of analyst quite well. There was a wrongdoing and there appeared to be a riddle to make sense of. This is an elegantly composed analyst story that underlies a tale about force, vengeance, and trickery.

Al Capone Essay -- Biography Biographies

Al Capone In 1920, the United States entered another phase in its life, the Era of Prohibition. Nonetheless, defects in the arranging, execution, and organization made this honorable thought waver undeniably. In any case, men who were happy to overstep the law were the ones that had the option to fabricate a rewarding life for themselves; one such man was Alphonse Capone. Notwithstanding, fair men, for example, Elliot Ness battled resolvedly to safeguard their ethics, convictions, and the rule that everyone must follow. All things considered, Capone was a man who exploited his time and carried on with the life of the American Dream: going from clothes to newfound wealth. In any case, it was this exact same lavishness that caused his defeat and detainment. The vigorous endeavors of Elliot Ness in the long run took care of when On January 16, 1920, the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States was confirmed. This enactment gave lawful fulfillment to the balance development of the mid twentieth century. It formally commanded that the transportation, production, deal, and utilization of any refreshment with a liquor substance of over .05% was illicit. In any case, despite the fact that the U.S. government stepped up to the plate and establish the law, its implementation was seriously missing for a few reasons. To start with, obligation was given to the Department of the Treasury, not the Department of Justice. This brought about specialists with next to zero preparing in the abilities required to execute their obligations. Second, these specialists got meager pay rates that in the long run lead to across the board debasement and pay off. Truth be told, from 1920 to 1926, 148 authorization representatives were sentenced for pay off or other liquor related offenses. Despite the fact that the first aim of the Eighteenth Amendment was to bring down wrongdoing and increment open resolve, it chiefly filled in as an impetus for wrongdoing and viciousness. In 1926, a Senate examination found that the majority of the unlawful alcohol being expended was originating from runners, illicit utilization of modern or restorative liquor, and moonshine alcohol. They presumed that expanding fringe security could control the sneaking quandary. Different issues must be comprehended by an increasingly equipped way to deal with authorization, including the rebuilding of organization just as the officials and operators, changes in recruiting practices and preparing, and expanded compensations for all specialists. Nonetheless, the principle explanation behind the disappointment of th... ... furthermore, Records Administration 2000). Regardless of the honorable endeavors of the U.S. Congress to end the utilization of liquor, Prohibition was certainly a disappointment. Both broken schematization and general feeling of open dissatisfaction added to the damage of the Eighteenth Amendment. Be that as it may, from this screw up rose corrupt men, for example, the scandalous Alphonse Capone. These men increased both reputation and dread through the acts of debasement and murder. In any case, the eager endeavors of the U.S. government lead by the legit Elliot Ness and his men lead to the inevitable ruin of this incredible mainstay of wrongdoing. In spite of the disappointment of the Prohibition Era, the United States become familiar with an important exercise: the American brain is obstinate and it takes somewhat more than laws to transform it. Catalog: Bardsley, Marilyn. Al Capone - from the Crime Library. 15 May 2000. http://www.crimelibrary.com/capone/caponemain.htm Wright, Jacob C. The Enforcement Of Prohibition. 15 May 2000. http://mx3.xoom.com/jakewright/disallowance/index.html National Archives and Records Administration. Display: Al Capone Verdict. (15 May 2000). http://www.nara.gov/exhall/firsts/capone.html

How Psychological Research Has Helped in the Understanding of Criminal Behaviour Essay Example for Free

How Psychological Research Has Helped in the Understanding of Criminal Behavior Essay Albert Bandura made the bobo doll explore in 1961, the point of this trial was to show that if kids where observers to forceful shows by a grown-up or something to that affect they would mimic this conduct whenever given a chance. The tried gathering contained 36 little youngsters and 36 little fellows all matured somewhere in the range of 4 and 5 years which was then partitioned into 3 gatherings of 24 †the forceful condition, the non forceful condition and the benchmark group. The principal bunch included the youngsters watching forceful models, where the kids where at that point partitioned by sex of the good example they were presented to. The subsequent gathering included the kids viewed non forceful models, where the kids were additionally partitioned by the sex of the good example which they were presented to. This left the two adapted gatherings partitioned into eight exploratory gatherings each containing 6 subjects. They were 6 young men with a similar sex model, 6 young men with inverse model, 6 young ladies with a similar sex model and 6 young ladies with the contrary model. With 3 unique gatherings, Bandura had made a muddled plan for the examination which brought about 3 free factors; the conditions the kids were presented to, the sex of the kid and the sex of the good example. Every kid was then tried exclusively and the discoveries where at that point recorded. The investigation was done in a fake situation and the analyst controlled the free factors into the conditions. In stage one of the examination, the kids were brought into the exploratory room by the analyst. The room was set out as a nursery play room since that was the proper setting for the age of the kids. One corner of the room had been organized as a child’s play territory comprising of a little table and seat and picture stickers. In the contrary corner of the room was the place the grown-up models would be trailed by a little table and seat, tinker toy set and a five foot bobo doll. In the forceful condition the model started by playing with the tinker toy set however following a few minutes the model directed its concentration toward the bobo doll and was forceful towards the doll in an extremely particular manner. Were as in the non forceful condition the model disregarded the bobo doll and played with the tinker toys in a delicate way. Following 10 minutes the youngsters where at that point taken into new room. In stage two of the examination the kids were carried into a live with relativity appealing toys. In this room the kids were to be exposed to mellow animosity excitement. When the youngsters began to play with the toys, the experimenter took them off the kids guaranteeing they had been saved for different kids. The kids were then taken into the last and last space for stage three of the examination. In this room the kids were told they could play with any toys in there, the toys in stage three comprised of both non forceful and forceful toys. The kids were kept in the space for 20 minutes where perceptions were made through a single direction reflect by judges. With the perception and discoveries of this examination, three proportions of impersonation were acquired. For this examination the observers’ searched explicitly for reactions from the kids that were fundamentally the same as the showcase by the grown-up model. They included; impersonation of physical animosity, impersonation of verbal hostility and impersonation of non verbal animosity. With these perceptions, the scientists had the option to consider which youngsters emulate the models, which models the kids imitated and whether the kids demonstrated a general increment of forceful conduct. The principle discoveries of this examination were that the youngsters in forceful model condition made more forceful reactions than the kids in the non forceful condition. They additionally found that the young men made more forceful reactions than young ladies, just as the sex of the kids being progressively forceful if the model was of a similar sex. These discoveries support Bandura’s social learning hypothesis that kids learn social conduct through perception realizing, which kids learn through impersonation. This investigation has helped in the comprehension of criminal conduct as youngsters learn through impersonation and the earth which they experience childhood in affect their conduct. On the off chance that a youngster has been raised around misuse, crime or steady animosity then the kid is well on the way to outrage by mirroring their good example which could be a parent, kin or even only a good example which they gaze upward to. Philip Zimbardo (1971) Stanford jail explore †Dr Philip Zimbardo made the Stanford jail test in 1971, the point of this analysis was to discover the mental impacts of jail life, and to what degree would moral be able to individuals be allured to act improperly. The investigation comprised of 24 understudies chose out of 75, the jobs of these 24 men were arbitrarily relegated, 12 to play jail gatekeepers and 12 to play detainees. The jail set up was worked inside the Stanford’s mental division, entryways where taken of research center rooms and supplanted with steel bars so as to make cells. Toward the finish of the passageway was the little opening which turned into the isolation for the ‘bad prisoners’. All through the jail there were no windows or timekeepers to pass judgment on the entry in time, which brought about time mutilating encounters. After just a couple of hours, the members adjusted to their jobs well past desires, the officials beginning showing authorisation and subject a portion of the detainees to embarrassment and torment while the detainees created inactive perspectives towards the watchmen and acknowledged the physical maltreatment that was given to them. On the second day with shock a surprising insubordination broke out, support was called and more monitors where to be on the job anyway the detainees wouldn't leave their phones, blockading themselves in. This right on time in to the investigation the detainees had just felt lost character to the degree they began to allude to themselves as their prisoner number instead of name. Indeed, even Dr Zimbardo himself began to dismiss his job in the analysis accepting he was in certainty a ‘prison superintendent’ instead of a clinician. Because of the degree of the insubordination the watchmen had to show greater authority over them which prompted the formation of the ‘privileged cell’. So as to separate the ‘superior’ detainees the watchmen set the great detainees in the favored cell for a couple of hours, at that point put the great detainees once again into the awful cells creating turmoil inside the prisoners, breaking the trust and secluding them. Inside seven days the examination was surrendered as the test was not, at this point a straightforward reproduction, rather the gatekeepers considered the to be as troublemakers they were described. In light of this they started venturing up control, observation and animosity while the detainee began separating sincerely being not able to deal with the circumstance any longer. From the perceptions and data given by Dr Zimbardo’s reports, this examination has helped in the comprehension of criminal conduct as it identifies with impersonation and similarity. The gatekeepers imitated the conduct of genuine watchmen adjusting the job calm rapidly. The detainees additionally adjusted the job rapidly falling into despondency and complying with one another. This additionally helps how an individual mental state can change their conduct, with the detainees they before long got discouraged and intellectually precarious, and this shows when placed into a specific disciplinary circumstance the psyche adjusts making them act shamelessly. Solomon Ashce (1951) Conformity test Solomon Ashce led the congruity analyze in 1951. The point of this analysis was to examine the degree of social weight from a dominant part gathering can influence an individual to acclimate. For this examination Ashe utilized a lab try. Ashe utilized 8 members for this test, 7 confederates and 1 innocent member. The 7 confederates had recently consented to what their reactions would be when given the line task. Anyway the genuine member had no information on this and was persuaded that the other 7 members were likewise genuine. With this investigation every individual needed to state so anyone might hear which line was most similar to the objective line, (A, B or C). The appropriate response was constantly a conspicuous one. The genuine member consistently furnished their response toward the end so as to check whether they adjusted or not. In certain preliminaries, the confederates furnished an inappropriate response though in some they offered the right evident response. In the test there was 18 preliminaries through and through and the confederates furnished an inappropriate response 12 out of the all out 18. Ashce primary perception was to see whether the genuine member would wind up adjusting dependent on the lion's share sees given by the other 7 members. The outcomes were then drawn up and out of the 18 path, around 75% of the preliminaries the genuine member acclimated despite the fact that the individual in question realized the appropriate responses weren't right. From the perceptions, this investigation has helped in the comprehension of criminal conduct as it clarifies that lawbreakers may have recently been exceptionally presented to such forceful conduct making them acclimate. This shows openly any wellspring of forceful conduct or crime can prompt congruity causing increasingly criminal conduct. Anderson and Dill (2000) †Violence in computer games study-Both Anderson and Dill led the connection among viciousness and computer games concentrate in 2000. The point of this investigation was to discover how savage computer games identify with forceful conduct. Their first investigation comprised of 227 understudies which were provided a survey so as to get information on their forceful personal conduct standards. This examination took a gander at the drawn out presentation to video games and what impact it has on animosity toward

How to Choose Visual Essay Mertons Theory Samples

How to Choose Visual Essay Mertons Theory Samples What is Actually Going on with Visual Essay Mertons Theory Samples Sociologists utilize a number of theoretical perspectives to produce sense of the planet. Merton rejected a lot of the notions that were the foundation for structural functionalism. Merton employs the term malintegration to spell out the condition of society. Agnew's strain is called GST or standard strain theory. For a family therapist to work, it's very important to them to opt for a theory they feel comfortable using. The strain theory requires a look at what causes someone to commit a crime. Subcultural theory also will help explain non-utilitarian crimes like vandalism and joy riding which strain theory can't really explain. Employing the case of the American dream, in order for each person to achieve it, they should have accessibility to numerous luxuries like education, which isn't always true. For instance, if you read silently, you're stimulating your visual sense. Consequently, the thought of environment as the important element that defines human behavior stays the only sound reason. Gradually, the thought that human behavior ought to be explained via the use of the scientific method started to replace aged superstitions. Much of social learning isn't immediate, so this procedure is especially vital in those situations. There's some thought ahead of imitation, and this consideration is known as mediational processes. Demographic controls have significant results but don't negate a number of psychosocial results. Criminal behavior is learned in interaction with different persons in a procedure for communication. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Visual Essay Mertons Theory Samples Visual essays can be produced in an assortment of fashions and tools and frequently have a collection of images and panels (compositions of different images and text). The two of these visual learners will be a lot more likely to retain information should they see it. Both tools might be used in combination with Audacity to combine sounds and samples from different sources. Often times visual papers are finally represented in the shape of slides or videos, but they are also able to be in the shape of posters. Things You Won't Like About Visual Essay Mertons Theory Samples and Things You Will Individuals from a specific area deemed to get quite a few deviants or criminals gain that label. Children will have a lot of models with whom they identify. Society tells everyone they are a success based upon how much material wealth they've obtained. Merton's major concern was that societies, like the usa, do not offer the ability to realize cultural targets. The Little-Known Secrets to Visual Essay Mertons Theory Samples Subsequently, essay was defined in many different ways. A financial essay can begin with a thesis, or it may begin with a theme. A visual analysis essay is very different from a usual essay. Developing a portrait photo essay is a mix of art and journalism. The Visual learner should observe all study material. Students are requested to explain, comment on, or assess a subject of study in the shape of an essay. College students should get great grades and graduatethis is their culturally-valued targets. Some traits that might result in social disruption is going to be stigmatized. Stress, anger and frustration are typical emotions people feel and they can encourage someone to do something they need to not to be able to find relief or a remedy to their problem. In order to prevent unsettling society, an individual must know about what behaviors are marked as deviant. These behaviors have very little reaction from others and for that reason, have very little effect on somebody's self-concept. The growth of subcultures is explained in regard to the place of groups and individuals in the social structure. You have to decide which is the specific aspect about which you would like to talk. His strain theory begins with the overall assumption that societies provide both culturally-valued targets and culturally-valued ways. Thus, deviance may be the consequence of accepting one norm, but breaking another to be able to pursue the first.

The Father Of The Computer - 941 Words

Introduction Living in today’s age it’s easy to forget that â€Å"technology† didn’t always mean mobile phones, televisions, laptops, internet etc. For thousand years, it was the means by which people secured food and shelter. Along with the language, religion and social culture technology is a part of our life. The history of technology begins with the Stone Age together with need of expanding exploring agriculture, industrialisation, transportation, medicine, warfare and computers. We can write for hours about technologies but let’s have a look closer on one of the topics. Computers have become a big part of our everyday live. The definition of computer was first used in 1613 and it was describing a human who performed calculations of†¦show more content†¦For a short time he attended King Edward VI Grammar School in Totnes, but his health forced him back to private tutors for a time. Babbage then joined 30-student Holmwood academy. This were he found his love to mathematics. He moved to Cambridge College to develop his mathematical skills. Disappointed in the mathematical introduction in the college formed with two other colleagues an Analytical Society. In 1812 he was transferred to Peterhouse in Cambridge where he was top mathematician there but surprisingly did not graduate with honours. Instead received degree without examination. Later life After school Babbage worked as a mathematitian.He was also elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society and played important part in the foundation of Astronomical Society in 1820.This is also the time where found passion in calculating machinery. In 1824 won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society for invention of an engine for calculating mathematical and astronomical tables (Difference Engine). In 1828 he occupied the Lucasian chair of mathematics at Cambridge and he took an important role in the establishment of the Association for Advancement of Science and the Statistical Society. He also attempt to reform the scientific organizations calling upon government and society to give more money to scientific effort. Remaining life spend on constructing analytical machine. He isolated himself filling in

The Integration Of Health Systems - 859 Words

Integration of Health Systems Marquetta Wiggins Walden University We first have to define what horizontal integration is? â€Å"According to Shi and Singh (2015) is a growth strategy in which a healthcare extends its delivery core product or service†. The way horizontal integration is obtained by is internal development, acquisition or merger. Organization can be linked horizontally closely, through ownership or alliances. Horizontal integration mainly focuses on controlling the distribution of certain type of health services in an area. Some examples of the focus are multihospital chains, nursing facilities chains or chains of drug stores all under the same name and management. Diversification of new products or services is not reaching within horizontal integration Shi Singh (2015). An example of horizontal integration is the Carolina’s Health Care Systems. This was founded in 1940. It is the nation’s leading and most innovative healthcare organization. They provide a full variety of healthcare and wellness programs throughout North Carolina and South Carolina. They have more than 900 care locations that include academic medical center, hospital healthcare pavilion, and physician’s practices. It has 60,000 full-time and part-time employees with more than 7,460 licensed bed and an annual budget that exceeds $7.7 billion. The premier facilities include Levine Center Institutes and Levine Children’s Hospital and Sanger Heart and Vascular Institutes. Carolina’sShow MoreRelatedLocal Health System Integration Act1660 Words   |  7 Pagesunder the Local Health System Integration Act (LHSIA), 2006, with a mandate to â€Å"plan an effective heath care service system, engage their communities and facilitate integration and funding of the health system within their devolved authority†. 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Employing Information System in GEC

Question: Discuss about the Employing Information System in GEC. Answer: Introduction Information Technology plays a significant role in small business technology, but its lack of implementation is due to the course not being offered in businesses. GEC, a student recruitment organization, is only being operated in South China, and later it partnered up with Peter with his assistant Vicky who handled all the operations and management of staff. For an organization to survive, it has to expand. But with a lack of administrative knowledge on operating in a foreign land and remote communication, the business took a halt. Its traditional system of keeping files and searching documents manually was a hectic and time-consuming task, which made the process slower and cumbersome. And not to mention, if the business expanded it would lose any competing advantage over other similar business in foreign lands and main country.he requirement and implementation of Information System are therefore discussed in this study to solve the current issues. This case takes the points of GEC and finds reference of different journal articles, explains it and justifies the relevance of the articles in respective contexts. Topics discussed include definition and requirements of the information system and its various types, the ways information system can solve the issues at GEC and utilization of internet, intranet, and extranet. Also discussed are the concepts of Change Management Organization Change, and security and ethical issues that can arise. Justification Information System The article explains the requirements of Information system for supporting business analytics and intelligence, which can help managers collect and analyze data from different sources, providing an in-depth look at the possible opportunities. For an organizations' innovation, the ways managers can use IS to build different perspectives for managerial styles. The three characteristics innovativeness, autonomy, and risk taking, required in an entrepreneurial organization are examined. An innovative Information system is positively proportional to the volume of ideas and its diversity rather than diversity and quantity of ideas. This article has been selected because it talks about the necessity and importance of IS for a business to survive in the modern climate. For a firm to compete with similar organizations it has to collect data from various sources to reinforce its growth (Roberts, Campbell and Vijayasarathy 2016, pp. 55-69). GEC can learn the utilization of IS and its implementation by following these techniques. CRM, EPM, BI, SCM are some of the different information systems types have been discussed here. Information Requirements of GEC This article discusses many issues and addresses on the following topics - the needs of tactical information and its different types of managerial information systems, assimilation or ingestion of the tactical administrative level for decision-making for strategic management and possible attempts for automating the outgoing and incoming information. Also discussed is the striving for working in an environment of real-time information flow, they way it can influence tactical management in bringing benefits to the organization along with potential tactical management which will be supported by tomorrows information systems. This article has been selected because it explains the need of IS for tactical management and providing opinions on the things that can be and should be done in different ways so that the tactical management business profile is aligned with the managerial information needs (Petrevska, Poels and Manceski 2015, pp. 148- 156). Solving GEC problems by Information System Practitioners and academicians widely accept the integration of information system in small or medium firms these days. GEC being a small business educational company, which deals with lots of databases, documents, collecting and collating, requires implementation of IS to simplify its backend process. Modern system information systems improve the performance of medium and small-sized enterprises. This article defines in detail Information System's functional capabilities like innovation, monitoring, and management of workforce, which affects the relationship between organizational performance and customer value (Ainin et al. 2015, pp. 5-14). This study is based on a survey questionnaire conducted with 104 medium and small-sized enterprises in Malaysias service industry. The findings of the study recommend that functional capabilities of IS do influence the organization value and customer value. Internet, Intranet Extranet This article explains about the increased competition of the various small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their situation and control over development growth due to the widespread market penetration of the Internet. This journal article focuses on the factors which influence the internationalization of SMEs. This article has been used because it evaluates and investigates the working environment and, then evaluates the level of internet usage that develops SMEs to position itself competitively in the marketplace. The finding of this study concludes that international market expansion can be generated by the usage of IT and its future growth for firms (Akhtar, Azeem and Mir 2014, pp.22-27). GEC also can position itself internationally and leverage the benefits offered by the Internet, intranet, and extranet. Change Management Organizational Change This article talks about the ever-changing role of the Internet in creating several new frameworks for business initiatives. The evolution of the Internet of being a force from earlier being a useful tool is used for creating long-term decision making for managers to influencing business strategies. The Internet's ever-increasing importance with its growth required the evaluation of precise data in the area of local ICT development and its state for creating new and meaningful change management and business initiatives. This article has been selected because it analyzed the latest business initiatives and related with the success they found in the market due to the Internet's ever evolving features (Sofronijevic, Milicevic and Markovic 2015, pp.38-44). This study presents the evaluation of such importance, which would require change management and can be an important factor for business initiatives made shortly. Security and Ethical Issues This article explains the increasing breaches in safety and disclosure of financial and personal information of both individuals and business. The article also goes in-depth explaining the invasion of privacy with the increased usage of mobile applications, social media, and other web based software systems, concerns regarding integrity and safety of information is calling for attention on a global basis from individuals, business, and governments. This article has been used because it makes a survey research on salespersons, and explores the relationship between concerns about utilization of technology and internet privacy in a business organization; to understand attitudes regarding use of technology to aid education, service, sales support and communications (Totterdale 2015, pp.157-160). Also explains the relationships between intention to use technology, age, frequency of usage, and internet privacy concerns. Reference List Ainin, S, Akma Mohd Salleh, N, Bahri, S Mohd Faziharudean, T2015, InformationSystemsManagement,vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 2-14. Akhtar,N, Azeem, Syed M Mir, M 2014,InternationalJournalofBusinessManagementEconomic Research,vol. 5,no.2, pp. 20-27. Petrevska Nechkoska, R, Poels, G Manceski, G2015, Electronic Journal ofInformationSystemsEvaluation, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 146-158. Roberts, N, Campbell, DE Vijayasarathy, LR2016, Journal of ManagementInformationSystems,vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 45-69. SofronijeviĆ¡, A, MiliĆ¡eviĆ¡, V MarkoviĆ¡, A 2015, Management(1820-0222), no. 74, pp. 37-46. Totterdale, RL 2015, Issues in Information Systems, vol. 16, no. 4, pp.157-165.

Fiat External Environment Essay Example

Fiat External Environment Paper Are Americans ready for smaller is better? Strategic Development and Implementation Introduction America, a nation which when it comes to cars has historically sided on the bigger is better side of the spectrum is being invaded by smaller, more economically conscious vehicles. Fiat has been manufacturing smaller for years, overseas in Europe, Brazil and even China. With the acquisition of the American made Automotive company Chrysler in 2009, Fiat has launch a marketing campaign to finally gain a hold in the American market. Is America ready for Every Once in a while, something comes along so powerful in incept, so revolutionary in design, it redefines a generation America, get ready for the one and only FIAT 500. Despite the American notion of fast muscle machines, there is a growing demand for the economically conscious vehicles. Rising cost for fuel and more demanding regulations for emissions will likely increase demand for the types of vehicles FAITH is providing and the new, leaner Chrysler is producing. The wave of hybrid models and fully electric vehicles already in FIAT s stables may give FIAT the leverage it is seeking and hoping on, in the American racket. Fabric Italian Automobile Torsion FIAT, was founded in Italy by a group of investors in 1899, most noticeably Giovanni Genial. The company was created as a automobile factory. By 1910, Fiat was Tits largest automotive company, and the company has retained this status since. This was the same year that FIAT built its first plant in Poughkeepsie NY, though it lasted less than a decade. We will write a custom essay sample on Fiat External Environment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Fiat External Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Fiat External Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This wasnt the last attempt FIAT made to venture into the American. Fiats Environment General Environment FIAT competes in over 80 countries and has distinguished itself as a automotive company capable of innovation. Though FIAT has created trucks and larger cars, the company has distinguished itself as a manufacturer of small customizable vehicles. Originally FIATs general environment was Italys demographics, economical, political/legal, social and culture, but that was over a century ago and FIAT has become a world corporation, with ties in many nations. FIAT has built a global distribution network which has now incorporated Chrysler into the fold. With the addition of Chrysler and FIAT renewed launch of its smaller, Echo-friendly vehicles into the American automotive industry. In the American general environment, FIAT has to contend with customers who are used to purchasing bulky sized vehicles. Where economically vehicles were once seen as a joke. Americas legalities may promote the purchasing Of vehicles like the FIAT 500 for its emissions but the American culture and social mind set craves the fast and the furious not the compact and comfy. Industry Environment Though FIAT is a world class competitor in the automotive industry, America is a world in-of-itself. To FIATs advantage, American have come to embrace foreign vehicles with enthusiasm. The German made BMW and Propose are considered luxury cars to most Americans. FIAT is aiming to replace not the luxurious but the common car. The common car in America are Ionians, Ford, Honda and Toyota. There is a large difference between what FIAT is offering versus what they are offering. But with the economical direction the world is heading leaner is better, FIAT may be able to find a viable market in America. Competitor Environment America is one of the few nations that values bulky vehicles even in urban areas where trucks should be considered to cumbersome to navigate wrought smaller, congested streets. Though this is changing, with high gas prices and more stringent emission regulations. FIAT is waltzing into an American automotive industry that trying to adapt to the need of its customers. Americans like the rest of the world dont want to be held at gun point by the gasoline industry any longer. Which a movement for hybrid, electric and diesel vehicles is on the rise. Automotive companys such as Ionians, Ford, Accuracy, Audio, BMW and Honda are striving to fill that demand. They are making fuel friendly engines/cars that are just as bulky as their older neuter parts. There are few vehicles in the American automotive industry that will compete with FIATs vehicles smaller stature. The Mini-Cooper and the beetle are competitors, though upon closer inspection, FIAT beats them in price, and fuel efficiency. Expansion into the USA For the sake of success in the USA HAT must diversify in its methods as well as in its models. So far, with the acquisition of Chrysler, FIAT has given itself the potential to remodel Chrysler cars into sleek smaller, more Echo-friendly versions. FIAT needs to come up with different styles for its models. Its current 500 models look strikingly like its older models. FIAT must also understand Its audience. Where would demand for a smaller, vehicle be more prominent. That would be cities such as New York, Washington DC and LA. FIAT s smaller models will not appeal to familys or those living in rural areas. It would be best for AT to target young business persons and to continue to absorb smaller automotive businesses to acquire their assets. The FIAT compact car is a step in the right direction in terms of gaining more exposure to the family vehicle segment of the industry. Both Chrysler and FIAT have aces up their sleeves which must be used carefully. Chrysler is developing the Petrol engine, called Pentameters and FIATs Multipart engine according to Giuseppe Calaboose, can provide FIAT-Chrysler an edge. Unfortunately they are unproven and with the US government tightening the reigns on emissions it is uncertain if they will hold up to the standard of 2017 and beyond. Closing Fiat-Chrysler has the capability to become a contender in an America which is tired of paying high gas prices, in an America whos government is enforcing rasher emission regulations. The company needs to broaden its model selections.

Internet and computer safety Essays

Internet and computer safety Essays Internet and computer safety Paper Internet and computer safety Paper As a parent to create awareness about internet security, many measure can be taken to ensure safety for your children when using a computer as there are many risks which could occur which could either damage your computer or even your child. For example, there are viruses which can be harmful on your computer and if you use internet banking than, hackers can steal your details using phishing emails or websites and steal your identity, if your child or you click on a link or download a file which is harmful than your computer can be infected, however, this could be prevent by purchasing a good anti virus program, these will also protect the computer from other viruses which are harmful. Also if your children persistently use the internet then they can go on website which are inappropriate however there can be content filters on web browsers which can lower the risk of children going on bad websites. Also checking the web history that your child has just been using will help. Finally, if you become aware of the language that is used by children over the net with lots of abbreviations for example LOL (laughing out loud), or in fact POS (parents over shoulder) is one that is sometimes used which you could become familiar with for your childs safety. This article describes how an online predator advertised a fake modeling agency on the internet to lure young girls, then he would push and push as far as he could with the girls to see if he could draw them further into his web of sexual activity,. This shows how he was able to target girls, easily by producing a modeling agency, which shows how he was able to target a large number of girls due to the increase in interests of modeling careers; he also targeted girls on under 18 chat rooms which he was allowed access to, this allowed him to attract vunerable girls easily and lure them. He was able to target girls with something they were interested in which allowed him to gain a wide range of younger girls, and also he was allowed to gain access to under 18 chat rooms, he was also able to subvert a filter placed by a childs parents. A feasible solution to this topic and methods which could be taken out to help stop predators like this could be to make under 18 chat rooms, secure and make sure that users must go through an identity check, where personal details are filled out from something to help prove the childs identity, for example a childs passport number or some personal evidence which would not have a big impact of somebody was to get hold of the information also these would need to be incredibly secure. Also if a child is going to be meeting up with a person they had met online then they would need a responsible adult to accompany them when they meet, this would mean that children in schools would need to be educated on this matter more thoroughly. Finally making sure filters are more secure so that they cannot by bypassed.

You can choose the topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

You can choose the topic - Essay Example She as well examined anything she could come across concerning every level of the pregnancy and she trained each day. She felt great and her blood job was the best the doctor’s office had witnessed in a pregnancy in a lengthy time. She then studied techniques of delivery and after taking part in many classes and examining a bunch of manuscripts; she concluded that the best would be for her to undergo labor and delivery logically. Susan and her husband had a personal teacher who directed them on the Bradley Technique of childbirth that educated one of how to respire and concentrate. She did not need the epidural medicines in her child’s bloodstream and understood it would likely remain uneasy for the baby; however, it would be good for the child. She had absolutely no difficulties in her pregnancy. When the day at last arrived that her water impulsively cracked at 41 weeks, her initial experience with labor started. She underwent 19 hours of labor, however, the final couple of hours were the major passionate from the moment they concluded to start Pitocin. Lastly, at 9.20 PM on July 31 1998, their young son came into this globe weighing 9 Ibs and 7.6 oz. the baby was 21 inches tall and produced a healthy cry. There was absence of difficulties in labor or delivery. The baby began breastfeeding inside ten minutes of birth and was 9/9 on the APGAR scale. As previously said, she studied and examined anything she could come across while she was pregnant to make well-versed decisions. This was her personality and likely an item of her career of being a health transcriptionist. She had the OB/GYN mark a three page typewritten Birth Plan that she had collected after carrying all the study and looking for the matters that were significant to her. The Birth Plan was inclusive of Labor, Delivery, and Postpartum aspirations. She had the ability to study, examine all the views, and make conclusions on what they considered best for

The tribes of Sami and Kawelka Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The tribes of Sami and Kawelka - Essay Example It involves the countries of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola region of modern Russia. Their main economic activities were hunting, fishing, and trapping. The Sami people language is a Finno-Ugric language that is closely related to the Finnish, Estonian, Livonian, and Votic languages. In Folklore traditions, the Sami people believed in spirits, which they related to different places and with their ancestors. As with many other different religions, the Sami people had different believes in myths and legends who were concerned with the underworld. The religion of the Sami people made them believe that the humans and inanimate being had a soul. They had a priest known as noaidi who acted as the intermediary between the material world and their spiritual world. His role involved consulting the dead through a trance-induced tradition of beating magic drums and a special kind of chanting popularly known as juoigan. The Sami people have different rites of passage. The Sami people have mostly avoided the ritual of baptism. Instead, their culture requires them not to have surnames and therefore they name their children after recently deceased elders or infants. The Sami people way of relationships has been outstanding. The Sami are known for their courtesy and hospitality. They consider the knowledge of the Sami language as the most important way of identifying someone as their fellow Sami. The Sami people are traditionally reindeer herding community. They maintained more than one permanent dwelling but mostly lived in tents. Their permanent homes were either frame buildings or sod huts. They commonly know their tents as Lavvos. Their tents and huts were arranged around a central fire. The family life of the Sami people was mostly done by living in groups of families known as siida. Traditionally it was the role of the Sami men to engage in herding, hunting, making boats, sleds, and tools while the women

Dickens & education in Hard Times Essay Example for Free

Dickens education in Hard Times Essay In Hard times we see two versions of the world of education. The first view is that of Thomas Gradgrinds and his model school. A place where facts are valued and imagination is regarded as unimportant. This is the utilitarian view. The second view is contrasted with the utilitarian view and is that of Mr Slearys circus. This is a place with much knowledge valuing both imagination and education. A place without the wealth of the Gradgrinds but much in humanity. This is the fanciful world. I think Dickens is telling us that there are many different ways of bringing up and educating children. It is about getting the right balance between education and imagination. For example Sissy was brought up by her father and didnt go to school but was quite well educated as she used to read to him, but her father let her use her imagination as she read the wrong books from Gradgrinds point of view. Which were about Fairies and the Hunchback and the Genies. But when she went to Gradgrinds house to live there she was cut off from having an imagination, as so was struggling to learn facts. The reader knows this as Sissy says, I am O so stupid! when really she isnt stupid at all, it is just that she has been forced to be brought up the utilitarian way, which is the wrong way for her, as she is used to having a balance between education and imagination but Gradgrind hasnt allowed it. She became low spirited, but no wiser. This is because she has an emotional memory and so she cant learn the facts because she is being taught with a utilitarian view and so she cant attach a feeling to what she is being taught. This is how Dickens implies that different people learn different ways and at different rates. For Gradgrind it could be argued that it was the right way for him as he was educated by his father the utilitarian way. He became a model pupil and owned a school. The reader knows that he was a model pupil as Dickens tells us five young Gradgrinds were models everyone. And They had been lectured at from their tenderest years. And in Gradgrinds eyes this had worked so He intended every child to be a model. But what Gradgrind doesnt realise is that all children are different and need to be brought up different ways, which is what Dickens is suggesting to the reader.

Accounting Principals :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Memo   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In any business no matter how big or small financial statements are crucial if achieving success is the ultimate goal. There are three main types of financial statements, they are: Income statement, balance sheet and statement of owner’s equity. All three of these financial statements can be looked upon to see where changes can be made in a company to ensure better success.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The income statement is important because it presents the revenues and expenses allowing a company to see the net income or net loss. It is prepared by simply subtracting the expenses from the revenues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The balance sheet however is critical in reporting the assets, liabilities and owner’s equity up until a specified date. When preparing this financial statement a company simply takes all of their assets (cash, accounts payable, supplies, equipment etc.) and adds them together to get a total dollar amount for all assets. A company also takes all liabilities and owner's equity and adds them together as well. This enables the company to get a total dollar amount for all liabilities and owner’s equity just as it can with assets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The statement of owner’s equity is a simple statement that summarizes the changes in owner’s equity for a specified period of time. It is calculated by the simple formula of: Beginning owner’s equity + additional investments + net income - drawings = ending owner’s equity This financial statement allows the company to see if they are increasing, maintaining, or losing owner’s equity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All three of these financial statements have an interrelationship with one another because each statement uses the numbers from the preceding statement. For instance the statement of owner’s equity could not be determined without the having the income statement. The reason for this is because one must know the net income/net loss for determining owner’s equity. Also the balance sheet could not be formulated without having the statement of owner’s equity because it to is needed when determining total liabilities and owner’s equity within the balance sheet.

Is Corruption-Free Society: A Distant Dream?

Once chanakya had said that honey would be kept on your tongue and you would not be allowed to taste; it is impossible. Corruption is the misuse of public power for private profit. It involves those behaviours on the part of government officials, whether politicians or civil servants, where they improperly and unlawfully enrich themselves or those close to them, by the misuse of the public power entrusted to them. Corruption in any where is threat to every here as the saying one rotten apple spoils the barrel. Harshad Mehta, Sukhram, Tehelaka, Telgi cases are the great example of corruption in India.Literacy and corruption are interlinked. Most literates are more corrupted in most of the cases and the most illiterate are the victims of corruption. As in India most of the people are illiterate so they are becoming the easy victims of corruption. Every patriotic Indian realizes that if there is one factor that is keeping India under the spell of perpetual poverty and which makes the li fe of the common citizen miserable, it is corruption. A citizen faces corruption practically at every level and every sector of life.It could be the local rationing department, police, municipal authorities or educational institutions like schools and colleges. In the industry inspector-raj has become a code word for regular bribes collected by the public servants at the cutting edge of administration of the various departments of Central and State governments. Corruption is anti-national, anti-economic development and anti-poor. Nevertheless we have perhaps come to take corruption as a fact and a way of life. This may be partly due to sociological reasons and partly due to a sense of helplessness and defeatism.Corruption is harmful in three different ways: Rajiv Gandhi once observed that out of every rupee meant for the anti- poverty programmes, only 15 paise reached the beneficiary. Out of the 85 paise may be 40 paise can be accounted for as administrative overheads. The leakage o f the remaining 45 paise is definitely due to corruption. Corruption is, therefore, anti-poor. Corruption is also anti-economic development. Political interference, reduced attractiveness of service and declining morale has all combined to whittle away officials’ will to remain honest. The biggest cost is political.Petty corruption is especially endemic at the lower, clerical levels of administration — precisely the point at which the ordinary citizen comes into daily contact with officialdom. People are forced to pay bribes for securing virtually any service connected with the government, even that which is theirs by right and law. People naturally tend to judge the entire structure of government on the basis of direct experiences with the agents of government. It would be difficult to exaggerate the revulsion felt by ordinary Indians toward the ubiquitous and institutionalized venality of public life. Evil social practices also promote corruption.One major social cau se that promotes corruption is the dowry system. Every public servant wants to see that his daughter is married off well and there’s continuous pressure for having a substantial level of dowry. This may be one of the reasons why one comes across cases where even public servants who have otherwise led a clean life become vulnerable to corruption towards the end of their career. Dowry system is definitely one of the social roots of corruption in our country. Equally important is the social pressure in a competitive society for ensuring that children get the best possible education.Right from kindergarten in every educational institution, there is pressure of competition, and education has become commercialised. This has been further accentuated by government policies about affirmative action resulting in a great incentive for self-financing colleges who charge a lot of donation fee and most of it is collected in black. Education pressure and corruption in the education sector i s another social factor contributing to corruption in our system. One of the social roots of corruption in India can be traced to our Indian culture of tolerance. Equally important is another psychological factor.Power is never demonstrated in a society unless it is misused. In certain communities, being as corrupt as possible and amassing as much wealth as possible is seen as a macho demonstration of â€Å"competence†. If this is the attitude, those sectors of society that did not have an opportunity to share the power cake in the past may also rationalize that they must emulate those who had earlier enjoyed misuse of their power and amassed wealth by rampant corruption. Thus, a vicious cycle of corruption is launched where a society tolerates amassing of wealth and does not question how that wealth is accumulated.Is eliminating corruption a myth or reality? If we believe corruption can be eliminated, it can be; if not, it will remain a reality. So is it a distant dream or c an this dream be fulfilled is a billion dollar question. In conclusion, corruption in India exists because of the unsatisfied basic needs of the general population. Corruption in India cannot be eradicated by questioning ethical standards of its population. Removal of corruption can only be achieved by right macro-economic policies and by reducing government control. Honest political leadership is a must as a first step.Opening the economy for the investors around the world can provide the needed capital. Fresh ideas and entrepreneurial spirit has to replace the bureaucratic government control for a wealthier society. Supply of basic commodities has to be higher than the demand for general population not to bribe any government officials. Only skilled entrepreneurs hired by public shareholders can bring the money losing monster public sector to profitability. An efficient tax collection mechanism supported by computerised revenue reporting systems of individual businesses would be a step in the right direction.Qualified political leadership is required to understand and implement such policies. Most importantly, political will of the leaders will be required to take such actions. In Japan and South Korea, former prime ministers and children of presidents have been jailed for corruption. In India, not one senior politician of the many who have been implicated in scandals – and they are numerous – has so far been convicted. The labyrinthine legal system is used to frustrate the course of justice. Three-points can be suggested to check corruption. The first is simplification of rules and procedures.Corruption is like malaria, handled by giving medicine to those affected and simultaneously preventing the breeding of mosquitoes. Many of our rules and procedures breed corruption. Orders have, therefore, to be issued to check and simplify procedures. One example is a ban on post-tender negotiations in government purchases, except with the lowest bidder. Such negotiations are a flexible source of corruption. The second step is empowering the public and bringing in greater transparency. Every office should have a board stating, ‘Don’t pay bribes.If anybody asks for a bribe, you can complain to the CVO, CVC. ’ This way we can educate the public who come to every small office of the GOI and other organisations like banks and public sector undertakings that there is a way out if they do not want to pay bribes. The third step is strong punishment to those who are involves in corruption. Corruption is the greatest hindrance in the development of ever-developing nation. If we want to replace the â€Å"developing† tag from our beloved country by â€Å"developed†, we have to take stringent measures and stand against the parasite of corruption together

Definition and Examples of English Idioms

An idiom is a set expression of two or more words that mean something other than the literal meanings of its individual words. Adjective: idiomatic. Idioms are the  idiosyncrasies of a language, says Christine Ammer. Often defying the rules of logic, they pose great difficulties for non-native speakers (The American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms, 2013). Pronunciation:  ID-ee-um Etymology:  From the Latin, own, personal, private Examples and Observations Every cloud has its silver lining but it is sometimes a little difficult to get it to the mint.(Don Marquis)Fads are the kiss of death. When the fad goes away, you go with it.(Conway Twitty)We may have started by beating about the bush, but we ended by barking up the wrong tree.(P. M. S. Hacker, Human Nature: The Categorial Framework. Wiley, 2011)I worked the graveyard shift with old people, which was really demoralizing because the old people didnt have a chance in hell of ever getting out.(Kate Millett)Some of the places they used for repairs, Bill said, had taken to calling themselves auto restoration facilities and charging an arm and a leg.(Jim Sterba, Frankies Place: A Love Story. Grove, 2003)If we could just agree to disagree and not get all bent out of shape. That was one of the main things we decided in therapy.†(Clyde Edgerton, Raney. Algonquin, 1985)Chloe decided that Skylar was the big cheese. She called the shots and dominated the conversation.(Jeanette Baker, Ches apeake Tide. Mira, 2004)Anytime they came up short on food, they yanked one of the pigs out of the pen, slit its throat, and went on a steady diet of pig meat.(Jimmy Breslin, The Short Sweet Dream of Eduardo Gutierrez. Three Rivers Press, 2002)Mrs. Brofusem is prone to malapropisms and mangled idioms, as when she says she wishes to kill one bird with two stones and teases Mr. Onyimdzi for having a white girl in (rather than up) his sleeve.(Catherine M. Cole, Ghanas Concert Party Theatre. Indiana University Press, 2001)Just the normal filling for you today then? Blossom enquires at her usual breakneck speed, blinking rapidly. Shes got one brown eye and one blue, suiting her quirky style. The balls in your shoe!The saying, of course, is the balls in your court, but Blossom is always getting her idioms mixed up.(Carla Caruso, Cityglitter. Penguin, 2012)​ Functions of Idioms People use idioms to make their language richer and more colorful and to convey subtle shades of meaning or intention. Idioms are used often to replace a literal word or expression, and many times the idiom better describes the full nuance of meaning. Idioms and idiomatic expressions can be more precise than the literal words, often using fewer words but saying more. For example, the expression it runs in the family is shorter and more succinct than saying that a physical or personality trait is fairly common throughout ones extended family and over a number of generations.(Gail Brenner, Websters New World American Idioms Handbook. Websters New World, 2003) Idioms and Culture If natural language had been designed by a logician, idioms would not exist.(Philip Johnson-Laird, 1993)Idioms, in general, are deeply connected to culture. . . . Agar (1991) proposes that biculturalism and bilingualism are two sides of the same coin. Engaged in the intertwined process of culture change, learners have to understand the full meaning of idioms.(Sam Glucksberg, Understanding Figurative Language. Oxford University Press, 2001)​ Shakespeares Idioms Shakespeare is credited with coining more than 2,000 words, infusing thousands more existing ones with electrifying new meanings and forging idioms that would last for centuries. A fools paradise, at one fell swoop, hearts content, in a pickle, send him packing, too much of a good thing, the game is up, good riddance, love is blind, and a sorry sight, to name a few.(David Wolman, Righting the Mother Tongue: From Olde English to Email, the Tangled Story of English Spelling. Harper, 2010) Levels of Transparency Idioms vary in transparency: that is, whether their meaning can be derived from the literal meanings of the individual words. For example, make up [ones] mind is rather transparent in suggesting the meaning reach a decision, while kick the bucket is far from transparent in representing the meaning die. (Douglas Biber et al., Longman Student Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Pearson, 2002)  The thought hit me that this was a pretty pathetic way to kick the bucket--being accidentally poisoned during a photo shoot, of all things--and I started weeping at the idiocy of it all. (Lara St. John) The Idiom Principle The observation that meanings are made in chunks of language that are more or less predictable, though not fixed, sequences of morphemes leads [John] Sinclair [in Corpus Concordance Collocation, 1991] to an articulation of the idiom principle. He states the principle thus: The principle of idiom is that a language user has available to him or her a large number of semi-preconstructed phrases that constitute single choices, even though they might appear to be analysable into segments (Sinclair 1991): 110) The study of fixed phrases has a fairly long tradition...but phrases are normally seen as outside the normal organizing principle of language. Here, Sinclair extends the notion of phraseology to encompass a great deal more of language than it is commonly considered to encompass. At its strongest, we might say that all senses of all words exist in and are identified by the sequences of morphemes in which they typically occur. (Susan Hunston and Gill Francis, Pattern Grammar: A Corpus-Driven Approach to the Lexical Grammar of English. John Benjamins, 2000) Modal Idioms Modal idioms are idiosyncratic verbal formations which consist of more than one word and which have modal meanings that are not predictable from the constituent parts (compare the non-modal idiom kick the bucket). Under this heading we include have got [to], had better/best, would rather/sooner/as soon, and be [to]. (Bas Aarts, Oxford Modern English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 2011) The Lighter Side of Idioms Kirk: If we play our cards right, we may be able to find out when those whales are being released. Spock: How will playing cards help? (Captain James T. Kirk and Spock in Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home, 1986)